Authors: C. Ringwalt, S.T. Ennett, K.D. Holt 
Published: Health Education Research, 1991 

Methodology: Of the 20 North Carolina subject schools, 10 were assigned to receive the D.A.R.E. curriculum and 10 were assigned to a non-D.A.R.E. group. 

Findings: D.A.R.E.'s effect on students' attitudes toward drug usage was significant. D.A.R.E.'s effects on multiple measures of students' attitudes concerning drugs, as well as on their assertiveness, are encouraging. It is particularly encouraging that the D.A.R.E. students finished with significantly less positive attitudes towards drugs than the control students.